2024 Quantum Open Source Survey

Unitary Fund is excited to be sharing the results for the 2024 Quantum Open Source Survey!

The more we understand about the needs and backgrounds of the quantum computing community, the more we can ensure the field’s products/services/events accommodate their users.

With over 1,100 respondents from all over the world, this survey provides a dataset that is both inclusive and representative of current and prospective quantum open-source software (OSS) developers and users, and provides trends from the past 2 years of survey data.

Our results are divided into the following sections:

Demographics
Experience
Cloud services
Full-stack development platforms, compilers, and simulators
Software for applications and tools
User experience
Open Source Software (OSS) Development & Research
Community

Demographics

1) Roles

Which of the following statements describe your role? Please check all that apply.

yearsData2023_1 = [
      { short_label: "Researcher", value: 53.8 },
      { short_label: "Software Developer", value: 39.2 },
      { short_label: "Student", value: 27.5 },
      { short_label: "Hobbyist", value: 16.2 },
      { short_label: "Educator", value: 12.1 },
      { short_label: "Business Leader", value: 10.4},
      { short_label: "Program Manager", value: 6.8 },
      { short_label: "Others", value: 3.5 }
    ];
    
dataWith2023_1 = data.replies_clean[0].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_1.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[0],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 1,
    max: 54,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[0].all[0], "636"],
    compareWith: "2023"
  }
)

2) Background

Which of the following statements best describe your background?

yearsData2023_2 = [
      { short_label: "Classical programming and software technologies", value: 56.1 },
      { short_label: "Quantum research", value: 55.5 },
      { short_label: "Quantum programming and software technologies", value: 40.1 },
      { short_label: "Non-quantum research", value: 14.1 },
      { short_label: "Others", value: 6.3 }
    ];
    
dataWith2023_2 = data.replies_clean[1].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_2.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[1],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 2,
    max: 57,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[1].all[0], "633"],
    compareWith: "2023"
  }
)

2b) Combination of role and background

heatmap(
 roles_background, 
  {
    xName: "background",    
    yName: "role",  
    fillName: "n",
    width: width
  }
)

3) Main reason for involvement in quantum technologies

Which of the following statements best describe your main reason for your involvement in quantum technologies?

Total answers: 806

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[2],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    y: (d) => d.short_label,    
    width: width,     
    questionN: 3,
    nAnswers: []
  }
)

4) Affiliation in quantum technology

Which of the following options represent the type of organization(s) you are affiliated with? Please check all that apply.

Total answers: 809

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[3],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,   
    y: (d) => d.short_label, 
    width: width,
    questionN: 4,
    nAnswers: []
  }
)

5) Affiliated organization size in terms of employee number

Approximately how many people are employed by the organization you are currently affiliated with?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[4],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[4].all[0], data.n_replies[4].researcher[0], data.n_replies[4].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[4].student[0], data.n_replies[4].other_role[0], data.n_replies[4].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[4].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[4].startup[0], data.n_replies[4].other_affiliation[0] ],
    width: width,     
    questionN: 5
  }
)

6) Pay for working with quantum technology

Do you get paid for working with Quantum Technology?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[5],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,        
    questionN: 6,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[5].all[0], data.n_replies[5].researcher[0], data.n_replies[5].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[5].student[0], data.n_replies[5].other_role[0], data.n_replies[5].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[5].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[5].startup[0], data.n_replies[5].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

7) Length of stay within the same company

If yes, on average, how long did you stay with previous employers before changing companies?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[6],
  {
   x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,       
    questionN: 7,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[6].all[0], data.n_replies[6].researcher[0], data.n_replies[6].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[6].student[0], data.n_replies[6].other_role[0], data.n_replies[6].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[6].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[6].startup[0], data.n_replies[6].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

8) Work environment in quantum technology

If you work in quantum technology, how do you work?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[7],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,      
    questionN: 8,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[7].all[0], data.n_replies[7].researcher[0], data.n_replies[7].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[7].student[0], data.n_replies[7].other_role[0], data.n_replies[7].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[7].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[7].startup[0], data.n_replies[7].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

9) Country of residence

In what country do you currently live?

Total answers: 796

length_10 = data.replies_clean[8].length

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[8].slice(length_10 - 10, length_10),
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: false,
    width: width,     
    questionN: 9,
    nAnswers: []
  }
)

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[8].filter(d => 
    d.all_ratio > 0),
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: false,
    width: width,     
    questionN: 9,
    nAnswers: []
  }
)

10) Age

What is your age?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[9],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,        
    questionN: 10,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[9].all[0], data.n_replies[9].researcher[0], data.n_replies[9].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[9].student[0], data.n_replies[9].other_role[0], data.n_replies[9].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[9].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[9].startup[0], data.n_replies[9].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

11) Educational background

What is your educational background?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[10],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,        
    questionN: 11,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[10].all[0], data.n_replies[10].researcher[0], data.n_replies[10].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[10].student[0], data.n_replies[10].other_role[0], data.n_replies[10].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[10].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[10].startup[0], data.n_replies[10].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

12) Ethnicity

What race or ethnicity best describes you?

Total answers: 787 (2024) - 604 (2023) - 172 (2022)

yearsData2023_12 = [
      { short_label: "White or of European descent", value: 44.4 },
      { short_label: "South Asian", value: 18 },
      { short_label: "Prefer Not to Share", value: 10.1 },
      { short_label: "East Asian", value: 6.8 },
      { short_label: "Hispanic or Latino", value: 9.4 },
      { short_label: "Other", value: 2.6 },
      { short_label: "Middle Eastern", value: 2.6 },
      { short_label: "Black or of African descent", value: 4},
      { short_label: "Biracial/Multiracial", value: 2 },
    ];
    
dataWith2023_12 = data.replies_clean[11].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_12.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[11],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 12,
    max: 52,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[11].all[0], "604"],
    compareWith: "2023",
    shownAnswers: false
  }
)

yearsData2022 = [
      { short_label: "White or of European descent", value: 52 },
      { short_label: "South Asian", value: 12 },
      { short_label: "Prefer Not to Share", value: 4 },
      { short_label: "East Asian", value: 4 },
      { short_label: "Hispanic or Latino", value: 8 },
      { short_label: "Other", value: 2 },
      { short_label: "Middle Eastern", value: 3 },
      { short_label: "Black or of African descent", value: 6 },
      { short_label: "Biracial/Multiracial", value: 4 },
    ];
    
dataWith2022 = data.replies_clean[11].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2022.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2022"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[11],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2022,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 12,
    max: 52, 
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[11].all[0], "172"],
    compareWith: "2022",
    shownAnswers: false
  }
)

13) Gender identity

What is your gender identity?

Total answers: 796 (2024) - 618 (2023) - 172 (2022)

yearsData2023_13 = [
      { short_label: "Man", value: 76.2 },
      { short_label: "Woman", value: 15.4 },
      { short_label: "Prefer Not to Share", value: 6 },
      { short_label: "Non-binary, genderqueer or gender non-conforming", value: 1.6 },
    ];
    
dataWith2023_13 = data.replies_clean[12].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_13.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[12],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 13,
    max: 79,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[12].all[0], "604"],
    compareWith: "2023",
    shownAnswers: false
  }
)

yearsData2022_13 = [
      { short_label: "Man", value: 73 },
      { short_label: "Woman", value: 19 },
      { short_label: "Prefer Not to Share", value: 4 },
      { short_label: "Non-binary, genderqueer or gender non-conforming", value: 3 },
    ];
    
dataWith2022_13 = data.replies_clean[12].map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2022_13.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2022"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[12],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2022,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 13,
    max: 79,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[12].all[0], "172"],
    compareWith: "2022",
    shownAnswers: false
  }
)

14) Years of professional experience

How many years of professional quantum experience do you have?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[13],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,        
    questionN: 14,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[13].all[0], data.n_replies[13].researcher[0], data.n_replies[13].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[13].student[0], data.n_replies[13].other_role[0], data.n_replies[13].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[13].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[13].startup[0], data.n_replies[13].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

Experience

15) Quantum software use

Have you ever used any Quantum Software? Quantum Software is any tool that assists with connecting to quantum computing cloud services or research in the fields of quantum computing or quantum physics, as well as study, teach, learn, develop, simulate, or interact with quantum computing concepts.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[14],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,  
    questionN: 15,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[14].all[0], data.n_replies[14].researcher[0], data.n_replies[14].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[14].student[0], data.n_replies[14].other_role[0], data.n_replies[14].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[14].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[14].startup[0], data.n_replies[14].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

16) Primary Role in Quantum Software

When it comes to the Quantum Software project you are most involved in, what best describes your role during the last year?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[15],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,      
    questionN: 16,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[15].all[0], data.n_replies[15].researcher[0], data.n_replies[15].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[15].student[0], data.n_replies[15].other_role[0], data.n_replies[15].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[15].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[15].startup[0], data.n_replies[15].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

Cloud services

17) Cloud services used currently or in the future

Please select which of the following cloud services for quantum software you are currently using and which services you would like to use in the next year? Please select all that apply.

Total answers: 722

array = data.replies_clean[17].map((r) => 
mult_barchart(
  r.data,
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    z: r.tool,
    width: width,     
    questionN: 17,
    max: 71 // give the same scale to all charts
  }
))

// solo i primi 5
array[0]

array[1]

array[2]

array[3]

array[4]

Tool	Have been using it in the last year	Plan to use it next year
IBM Quantum	69.3	40.4
Amazon Braket	20.0	24.2
Xanadu	18.9	22.7
Google	14.6	17.3
Microsoft’s Azure Quantum	10.0	18.3
qBraid	14.9	10.8
DWave	10.5	13.5
Quantinuum	6.4	17.5
IonQ	8.4	14.9
Pasqal	3.3	10.8
Rigetti Cloud Services	3.5	8.4
Quandela	2.9	7.0
Infleqtion	2.2	6.4
Quantum Inspire	2.4	5.4
Strangeworks	1.9	5.2

17b) Cloud services: year comparison

Total answers: 722 (2024) - 629 (2023) - 485 (2022)

yearsData2023_17b = [
      { short_label: "IBM Quantum", value: 70.4 },
      { short_label: "Amazon Braket", value: 19.1 },
      { short_label: "Quantinuum", value: 17.9 },
      { short_label: "Google", value: 16 },
      { short_label: "Xanadu", value: 16.8 },
      { short_label: "Microsoft's Azure Quantum", value: 12.3 },
      { short_label: "IonQ", value: 6.6 },
      { short_label: "qBraid", value: 9.2 },
      { short_label: "DWave", value: 7.9 },
    ];
    
nToShow = 9
length_17 = data.replies_clean[17].length
    
dataWith2023_17b = mylist.map((e, index) => {
  if (index < nToShow){
    const d = yearsData2023_17b.find((d) => e.tool == d.short_label)
    e["data2023"] = d.value
  }
})

reversed17 = Array.from(mylist, (e, i) => mylist[mylist.length - 1 - i]);

years_chart(
  reversed17.slice(length_17 - nToShow, length_17),
  {
    x: (d) => d.val23,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.tool,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 17,
    max: 80, 
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[17].all[0], "485"],
    compareWith : "2023",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

yearsData2022_17b = [
      { short_label: "IBM Quantum", value: 80 },
      { short_label: "Amazon Braket", value: 21 },
      { short_label: "Quantinuum", value: 8 },
      { short_label: "Google", value: 15 },
      { short_label: "Xanadu", value: 16 },
      { short_label: "Microsoft's Azure Quantum", value: 15 },
      { short_label: "IonQ", value: 8 },
      { short_label: "qBraid", value: 9 },
      { short_label: "DWave", value: 12 },
    ];
    
    
dataWith2022_17b = mylist.map((e, index) => {
  if (index < nToShow){
    const d = yearsData2022_17b.find((d) => e.tool == d.short_label)
    e["data2022"] = d.value
  }
})

reversed17_22 = Array.from(mylist, (e, i) => mylist[mylist.length - 1 - i]);

years_chart(
  reversed17_22.slice(length_17 - nToShow, length_17),
  {
    x: (d) => d.val23,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2022,     
    y: (d) => d.tool,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 17,
    max: 80, //dato 2022, ???
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[17].all[0], "485"],
    compareWith : "2022",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

Full-stack development platforms, compilers, and simulators

18) Full-stack development platforms, compilers, and simulators used currently or in the future

Please select which of the following full-stack development platforms, compilers, and simulators you are currently using or would like to use in the future. Please select all that apply.

Total answers: 629

array18 = data.replies_clean[16].map((r) =>
mult_barchart(
  r.data,
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    z: r.tool,
    width: width,
    questionN: 18,
    max: 74.5 // give the same scale to all charts
  }
))

// solo i primi 5
array18[0]

array18[1]

array18[2]

array18[3]

array18[4]

Tool	Have been using it in the last year	Plan to use it next year
Qiskit	74.1	36.3
PennyLane	46.8	29.2
Qiskit Aer	49.3	20.2
qiskit-ibm-transpiler	32.1	16.2
Cirq	24.2	18.6
CUDA Quantum	13.7	27.4
PennyLane Lightning	20.6	18.4
amazon-braket-sdk-python	17.0	17.9
cuQuantum	11.4	18.8
Catalyst	8.2	12.9
QuTiP-qip	11.1	9.0
Q#	8.7	10.9
dwave-ocean-sdk	8.0	9.3
t\|ket>	7.1	9.6
Qbraid SDK	8.4	6.9
Strawberry Fields	5.8	9.0
Intel Quantum Simulator	3.3	9.3
Bloqade	4.8	7.5
TensorCircuit	3.5	7.8
qsim	5.7	5.5
Quimb	2.9	6.6
Qibo	3.5	5.7
Yao.jl	2.2	6.5
Pymatching	2.9	5.8
pyQuil	3.3	5.3
Pulser	3.0	5.3
Qrack	2.5	5.7
OpenQL	2.2	5.7
Tequila	1.7	6.0
ProjectQ	2.4	5.3
QuEST-Kit/QuEST	2.1	5.5
RustQIP	0.8	6.5
QuantumCircuitOpt.jl	1.8	5.4
Perceval	2.1	5.1
Qlasskit	1.9	4.6
graphix	1.2	5.1
Tangelo	1.2	4.7
softwareQinc/qpp (Q++)	0.8	5.0
quantastica/quantum-circuit	1.5	4.3
Staq	1.0	4.7
HaeffnerLab / IonSim.jl	1.1	4.6
quil-lang/qvm	1.2	4.2
Silq	0.8	4.6
DDSIM	0.7	4.6
qubiter	0.7	4.4
q	0.8	4.2
QWIRE	0.7	4.3
QCompute	1.0	4.0
Quilc	0.7	4.2
XaCC	0.6	4.3
weinbe58/QuSpin	0.1	4.0

18b) Full-stack development platforms and simulators: year comparison

Total answers: 629 (2024) - 535 (2023) - 468 (2022)

mylist18_all_sorted = mylist18_all.sort((a, b) => b.val23 - a.val23);

mylist18 = mylist18_all_sorted.filter((o) => 
  ["Qiskit", "Qiskit Aer", "PennyLane", "amazon-braket -sdk-python", "Cirq", "cuQuantum", "QuTiP-qip"]
  .includes(o.tool)
);

yearsData2023_18b = [
      { short_label: "Qiskit", value: 68.8 },
      { short_label: "Qiskit Aer", value: 46.4 },
      { short_label: "PennyLane", value: 29 },
      { short_label: "amazon-braket -sdk-python", value: 13.8 },
      { short_label: "Cirq", value: 22.8 },
      { short_label: "cuQuantum", value: 9.9 },
      { short_label: "QuTiP-qip", value: 12.1 },
      
    ];

nToShow18 = 7
length_18 = 7


dataWith2023_18b = mylist18.map((e, index) => {
  if (index < nToShow18){
    const d = yearsData2023_18b.find((d) => e.tool == d.short_label)
    e["data2023"] = d.value
  }
})

reversed18 = Array.from(mylist18, (e, i) => mylist18[mylist18.length - 1 - i]);

years_chart(
  reversed18,
  {
    x: (d) => d.val23,
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,
    y: (d) => d.tool,
    width: width,
    questionN: 18,
    max: 81,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[16].all[0], "468"],
    compareWith : "2023",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

yearsData2022_18b = [
      { short_label: "Qiskit", value: 81 },
      { short_label: "Qiskit Aer", value: 50 },
      { short_label: "PennyLane", value: 29 },
      { short_label: "Cirq", value: 29 },
      { short_label: "amazon-braket -sdk-python", value: 16 },
      { short_label: "cuQuantum", value: 6 },
      { short_label: "QuTiP-qip", value: 14 },
    ];

dataWith2022_18b = mylist18.map((e, index) => {
  if (index < nToShow18){
    const d = yearsData2022_18b.find((d) => e.tool == d.short_label)
    e["data2022"] = d.value
  }
})

years_chart(
  reversed18,
  {
    x: (d) => d.val23,
    x2: (d) => d.data2022,
    y: (d) => d.tool,
    width: width,
    questionN: 18,
    max: 81,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[16].all[0], "468"],
    compareWith : "2022",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

Software for applications and tools

19) Softwares for applications and tools used currently or in the future

Please select which of the following software for applications and tools you are currently using as quantum software and which software you would like to use in the next year. Please select all that apply.

Total answers: 613

array19 = data.replies_clean[18].map((r) =>
mult_barchart(
  r.data,
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    z: r.tool,
    width: width,
    questionN: 19,
    max: 55 // give the same scale to all charts
  }
))

// solo i primi 5
array19[0]

array19[1]

array19[2]

array19[3]

array19[4]

Tool	Have been using it in the last year	Plan to use it next year
Qiskit/qiskit	54.8	30.5
PennyLaneAI/qml	33.9	26.1
qiskit-machine-learning	26.6	21.5
qiskit-optimization	26.8	19.7
qiskit-nature	21.4	15.8
Qiskit/qiskit-serverless	16.5	16.2
openqasm/openqasm	18.4	13.9
tensorflow/quantum	12.7	14.5
qiskit-finance	12.1	12.7
unitaryfund/mitiq	8.8	13.1
quantumlib/Stim	6.7	8.5
dwave-cloud-client	5.2	8.2
BQSKit/bqskit	3.4	8.8
quantumlib/OpenFermion	5.1	6.5
openqaoa	3.8	6.4
mit-han-lab/torchquantum	3.6	6.0
Quantomatic/pyzx	2.8	5.5
AgnostiqHQ/covalent	2.3	5.9
Infleqtion/Superstaq	1.8	6.2
Qiskit/qiskit-ibm-transpiler	4.7	2.9
Dimod	3.4	4.1
zapatacomputing/orqviz	2.0	5.2
Qiskit-Experiments	3.9	3.1
NetKet/NetKet	2.1	4.2
Qadence	1.6	4.6
Walrus	1.1	4.7
vprusso/toqito	0.8	4.4
hongyehu/PyClifford	0.7	4.4
c3	0.7	3.9

User experience

20) Ranking of most important factors in choosing a Cloud Service

When choosing Cloud Services, please rank which of the following factors is most important to you.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[21],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 22,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[21].all[0], data.n_replies[21].researcher[0], data.n_replies[21].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[21].student[0], data.n_replies[21].other_role[0], data.n_replies[21].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[21].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[21].startup[0], data.n_replies[21].other_affiliation[0] ],
    symbol: "",
    legendForRating: true
  }
)

21) Ranking of most important factors in choosing a Development Platform

When choosing Full Stack Development Platforms, Compilers, and Simulators, please rank which of the following factors is most important to you.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[22],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 23,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[22].all[0], data.n_replies[22].researcher[0], data.n_replies[22].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[22].student[0], data.n_replies[22].other_role[0], data.n_replies[22].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[22].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[22].startup[0], data.n_replies[22].other_affiliation[0] ],
    symbol: "",
    legendForRating: true
  }
)

22) Ranking of most important factors in choosing an Application/Tool

When choosing Software for Application/Tools, please rank which of the following factors is most important to you.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[23],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 24,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[23].all[0], data.n_replies[23].researcher[0], data.n_replies[23].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[23].student[0], data.n_replies[23].other_role[0], data.n_replies[23].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[23].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[23].startup[0], data.n_replies[23].other_affiliation[0] ],
    symbol: "",
    legendForRating: true
  }
)

23) Use of software for hardware design and low-level device control

Do you use software for hardware design and low-level device control?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[19],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 20,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[19].all[0], data.n_replies[19].researcher[0], data.n_replies[19].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[19].student[0], data.n_replies[19].other_role[0], data.n_replies[19].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[19].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[19].startup[0], data.n_replies[19].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

24) Software list

If yes, what software do you use?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[20],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 21,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[20].all[0], data.n_replies[20].researcher[0], data.n_replies[20].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[20].student[0], data.n_replies[20].other_role[0], data.n_replies[20].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[20].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[20].startup[0], data.n_replies[20].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

25) Main reasons for not using the technologies that respondents would like to use but are not currently using

For the technologies that you would like to use but are not currently using, what are the main reasons for not currently using them?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[24],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[24].all[0], data.n_replies[24].researcher[0], data.n_replies[24].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[24].student[0], data.n_replies[24].other_role[0], data.n_replies[24].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[24].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[24].startup[0], data.n_replies[24].other_affiliation[0] ],
    width: width,     
    questionN: 25
  }
)

Open Source Software (OSS) Development & Research

26) Code contributions to quantum OSS projects (can be collaborative or personal projects)

Do you contribute code to quantum OSS projects (can be collaborative or personal projects)?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[25],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 26,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[25].all[0], data.n_replies[25].researcher[0], data.n_replies[25].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[25].student[0], data.n_replies[25].other_role[0], data.n_replies[25].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[25].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[25].startup[0], data.n_replies[25].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

27) Contributions to quantum OSS as part of scientific research in the quantum field

Are your contributions to quantum OSS part of your scientific research in the quantum field?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[26],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 27,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[26].all[0], data.n_replies[26].researcher[0], data.n_replies[26].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[26].student[0], data.n_replies[26].other_role[0], data.n_replies[26].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[26].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[26].startup[0], data.n_replies[26].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

28) The type of quantum computing research the respondent performs

Please select the type of quantum computing research you are performing. Please check all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[27],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 28,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[27].all[0], data.n_replies[27].researcher[0], data.n_replies[27].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[27].student[0], data.n_replies[27].other_role[0], data.n_replies[27].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[27].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[27].startup[0], data.n_replies[27].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

29) Area of quantum computing believed to be the most promising for future research

Please select the area of quantum computing you believe to be the most promising for future research. Please check all that apply.

length_29 = data.replies_clean[28].length

yearsData2023_29 = [
      { short_label: "Algorithm development", value: 55.9 },
      { short_label: "Error correction", value: 49.5 },
      { short_label: "Application development", value: 39.9 },
      { short_label: "Quantum simulation/Physics", value: 39.1 },
      { short_label: "Hardware development", value: 37.3 },
      { short_label: "Circuit development & optimization", value: 33.1 },
      { short_label: "Error mitigation", value: 31.1 },
      { short_label: "Quantum Information Theory", value: 26.5 },
      { short_label: "Software Engineering", value: 25.7 },
      { short_label: "Fundamental Physics", value: 16.2 },
      { short_label: "Qubit characterization", value: 14.4 },
      { short_label: "Others", value: 1.6 },
      { short_label: "None of the above", value: 0 },
    ];

dataWith2023_29 = data.replies_clean[28].slice(length_29 - 12, length_29).map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_29.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[28].slice(length_29 - 12, length_29),
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,  
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,     
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    width: width,     
    questionN: 29,
    max: 57,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[1].all[0], "499"],
    compareWith: "2023"
  }
)

30) Co-authored a research paper based on work with open-source software

Have you co-authored a research paper based on work with open-source software?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[29],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 30,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[29].all[0], data.n_replies[29].researcher[0], data.n_replies[29].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[29].student[0], data.n_replies[29].other_role[0], data.n_replies[29].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[29].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[29].startup[0], data.n_replies[29].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

31) Programming languages the respondents use in developing quantum software

Which programming languages do you use in developing quantum software? Please select all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[31],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 32,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[31].all[0], data.n_replies[31].researcher[0], data.n_replies[31].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[31].student[0], data.n_replies[31].other_role[0], data.n_replies[31].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[31].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[31].startup[0], data.n_replies[31].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

31b) Programming languages the respondent use in developing quantum software, comparison by year

Total answers: 615 (2024) - 513 (2023) - 542 (2022)

length_27 = data.replies_clean[31].length

yearsData2023_27b = [
      { short_label: "Python", value: 94.5 },
      { short_label: "C/C++", value: 24.2 },
      { short_label: "Julia", value: 14.6 },
      { short_label: "MATLAB", value: 9.9 },
      { short_label: "Rust", value: 9.2 },
      { short_label: "Mathematica", value: 8.6 },
      { short_label: "Q#", value: 6.6 },
      { short_label: "Javascript", value: 6.6 },
    ];

dataWith2023_27b = data.replies_clean[31].slice(length_27 - 8, length_27).map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2023_27b.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2023"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[31].slice(length_27 - 8, length_27),
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    x2: (d) => d.data2023,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    width: width,
    questionN: 32,
    max: 96,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[31].all[0], "543"],
    compareWith : "2023",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

yearsData2022_27b = [
      { short_label: "Python", value: 94 },
      { short_label: "C/C++", value: 26 },
      { short_label: "Julia", value: 10 },
      { short_label: "MATLAB", value: 10 },
      { short_label: "Rust", value: 7 },
      { short_label: "Mathematica", value: 10 },
      { short_label: "Q#", value: 5 },
      { short_label: "Javascript", value: 6 },
    ];

dataWith2022_27b = data.replies_clean[31].slice(length_27 - 8, length_27).map((e, index) => {
const d = yearsData2022_27b.find((d) => d.short_label == e.short_label)
e["data2022"] = d.value
})

years_chart(
  data.replies_clean[31].slice(length_27 - 8, length_27),
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    x2: (d) => d.data2022,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    width: width,
    questionN: 32,
    max: 96,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[31].all[0], "543"],
    compareWith : "2022",
    shownAnswers : false,
  }
)

32) Programming languages the respondents would like to learn, or consider to be the most promising for future use

Which programming languages would you like to learn, or consider to be the most promising for future use? Please select all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[32],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    width: width,
    questionN: 33,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[32].all[0], data.n_replies[32].researcher[0], data.n_replies[32].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[32].student[0], data.n_replies[32].other_role[0], data.n_replies[32].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[32].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[32].startup[0], data.n_replies[32].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

33) Workflow used in developing quantum software

Which of the below workflows do you use in developing quantum software? Please select all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[33],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    width: width,
    questionN: 34,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[33].all[0], data.n_replies[28].researcher[0], data.n_replies[28].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[33].student[0], data.n_replies[33].other_role[0], data.n_replies[33].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[33].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[33].startup[0], data.n_replies[33].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

34) Platform used in hackathons or live coding sessions

In a hackathon or live coding session, what platform do you like using? Please select all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[34],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    width: width,
    questionN: 35,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[34].all[0], data.n_replies[34].researcher[0], data.n_replies[34].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[34].student[0], data.n_replies[34].other_role[0], data.n_replies[34].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[34].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[34].startup[0], data.n_replies[34].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

Community

35) Use of resource estimation for software development and research

Do you use resource estimation for software development and research?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[35],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    width: width,
    questionN: 36,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[35].all[0], data.n_replies[35].researcher[0], data.n_replies[35].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[35].student[0], data.n_replies[35].other_role[0], data.n_replies[35].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[35].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[35].startup[0], data.n_replies[35].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

36) Role of resource estimation

If yes, what do you use resource estimation for?

Total answers: 69

This was an open-ended question. These are the main categories of responses given by users, with some examples.

37) The impact of open source software on the quantum software community

In your opinion, what is the impact of open source software on the quantum software community?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[37],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,     
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,     
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,     
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,     
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,     
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,     
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,     
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,     
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[37].all[0], data.n_replies[37].researcher[0], data.n_replies[37].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[37].student[0], data.n_replies[37].other_role[0], data.n_replies[37].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[37].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[37].startup[0], data.n_replies[37].other_affiliation[0] ],
    width: width,     
    questionN: 38
  }
)

38) Source of answers or information when developing quantum software

When it comes to developing quantum software, where do you go for answers or information?

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[38],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 39,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[38].all[0], data.n_replies[38].researcher[0], data.n_replies[38].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[38].student[0], data.n_replies[38].other_role[0], data.n_replies[38].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[38].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[38].startup[0], data.n_replies[38].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

39) The types of resources/engagements helpful for learning or contributing to quantum open source projects

Which of the following types of resources/ engagements do you find helpful for your learning or contributing to quantum open source projects? Please select all that apply.

h_barchart(
  data.replies_clean[39],
  {
    x: (d) => d.all_ratio,
    xFilter1_1: (d) => d.researcher_ratio,
    xFilter1_2: (d) => d.software_developer_ratio,
    xFilter1_3: (d) => d.student_ratio,
    xFilter1_4: (d) => d.other_role_ratio,
    xFilter2_1: (d) => d.academic_institution_ratio,
    xFilter2_2: (d) => d.enterprise_organization_ratio,
    xFilter2_3: (d) => d.startup_ratio,
    xFilter2_4: (d) => d.other_affiliation_ratio,
    y: (d) => d.short_label,
    filterLabels1: ["All", "Researcher","Software Developer","Student","Other Role"],
    filterLabels2: ["Academic Institution", "Enterprise Organization", "Startup", "Other Organization Type"],
    filters: true,
    width: width,
    questionN: 40,
    nAnswers: [data.n_replies[39].all[0], data.n_replies[39].researcher[0], data.n_replies[39].software_developer[0],             data.n_replies[39].student[0], data.n_replies[39].other_role[0], data.n_replies[39].academic_institution[0], data.n_replies[39].enterprise_organization[0], data.n_replies[39].startup[0], data.n_replies[39].other_affiliation[0] ],
  }
)

40) Feedback on the quantum OSS community

Is there something you’d like to say about the quantum OSS community that you think is important feedback?

Total answers: 71

This was an open-ended question. These are the main categories of responses given by users, with some examples.

Methodology

The quantum OSS projects listed in the software survey have been chosen among those with >50 stars on Github/GitLab included in the awesome-quantum-software list and other lists, excluding software focusing on tutorials, cryptography, experiments, and with commits within the last 12 months. The software projects and platforms have been divided in three categories: cloud services; software for full-stack development, compilers and simulators; and application tools.

A draft of the survey has been circulated among Unitary Fund advisory board, board, program members and partners for feedback. The survey was open from Sept. 16 – Oct. 31, 2024. The data is stored at github.com/unitaryfund/qoss-survey.

Unitary Fund circulated the surveys on its social media platforms (Discord, X, LinkedIn, UF blog) and contacting major blogs (QC Report, Qiskit Slack channels, PennyLane blog, etc.), etc.), newsletters (UF mailing list, QuTiP mailing list, academic networks, etc.), UF members, supporters and partners.

This is all possible thanks to UF’s amazing members and supporters. Thank you to all that have participated.